For example: “Arnold Schwarzenegger (spelling?) was a huge action icon in the ’80s and ’90s.” “The goal by Hendrickson (and what a goal!) secured the team’s entry into the championship.” “With the commission we’re expecting to receive from the deal (details finalized yet?), our shares should rise to their highest level in years.” We can also place exclamation points and question marks on their own inside of parentheses to indicate surprise, excitement, or doubt about something that just preceded them. For example: “As I have said before (on numerous occasions), we must find a long-term solution to this problem.” “I want to tell you something that you must always remember (even after you’ve moved away): We will always be here to support you, no matter what.” “Who will be coming to the party on Saturday (other than us, obviously)?” “This calls for congratulations (and celebration)!” Although parenthetical fragments cannot use periods when appearing within a sentence, they are able to take exclamation points or question marks, depending on their meaning and intention. Fragments When parentheses enclose a word, phrase, or dependent clause, they will generally appear within a sentence, since the information usually can’t function as a sentence alone.* When this is the case, the parentheses must appear adjacent to any other existing punctuation within the sentence. How we use parentheses in relation to other punctuation depends on the length of the information they contain. This information may comprise a fragment (a word, phrase, or clause) or one or more complete sentences. ![]() (The one exception is when we write vertical lists, which we’ll look at later on.) Using parentheses Parentheses indicate parenthetical information-that is, any additional information that is not integral to the writing that appears outside of the parentheses. ![]() ![]() Similar to quotation marks, parentheses are always used in pairs-we cannot have a single parenthesis (the name for one of the brackets on its own) without its match appearing elsewhere nearby. Parentheses What are parentheses? Parentheses ( ( ) ) are used to separate information that is not necessary to the structure or meaning of the surrounding text.
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